William Dukes was born to Benjamin and Mary Dukes on 27 September 1745 and was christened Oct. 29, 1745, in Prince Frederick Parish.[1] Prince Frederick Parish took in the area between Prince GeorgeÕs (the coastal parish including the lower reaches of the Black River and Pee Dee River) and St. MarkÕs Parish (Clarendon Co and points inland, created in 1757). Modern Williamsburg County, parts of Georgetown County, and parts of Florence, Marion, and Dillon were in Prince FrederickÕs Parish. Craven County encompassed everything from Seewee north to the North Carolina line and thus included modern Williamsburg, Georgetown and parts of Clarendon counties, along with all or parts of other counties.
This Benjamin Duke is not the son of Thomas Goodman Duke.
In 1766 a plat for 200 acres in Craven County was surveyed by Wood Furman and registered by Benjamin Duke. The property was described as being in Prince Frederick Parish on the west side of the Black River adjacent vacant land. [2] This location presumably would have been in Williamsburg County, since by this time St. MarkÕs Parish had been created (in 1757) and took in modern Clarendon County. On the 19th of September, 1770, a grant was awarded for this 200 acres in Prince FrederickÕs Parish, Craven County, adjacent vacant land.[3]
On 4 Jan 1771 Benjamin Duke registered another plat for 200 acres in Craven County.[4] The plat shows only swampland adjacent to the property. A plat for William Guess establishes the adjoining properties as those of Benjamin Duke, ? McCune, and William Jackson.[5]
Benjamin Duke was on the Prince Frederick Grand Jury in 1778-9.
In 1779 Benjamin Duke was an Overseer of Prince Frederick Winyaw Parish.[6]
Benjamin Duke is listed among those who joined the Black Mingo Church on the Kingstree-Georgetown Road or Indiantown Presbyterian Church on Boggy Swamp below Kingstree following closure of Prince FrederickÕs Parish. Those who retained Anglican affiliation joined the church at Georgetown.[7]
In 1780 Benjamin Duke was a saddler for Colonel Peter HorryÕs cavalry. It is uncertain which Benjamin Duke this was.
William Duke of Williamsburg was said to be in Francis MarionÕs brigade in 1780.[8]
In 1783 both Benjamin and William Duke(s) were listed as petit jurors for Georgetown District.[9] Georgetown District included Williamsburg County and Georgetown County, among others.
The modern Williamsburg Co Duke family traces their origins to 1786 when Thomas Duke is said to have been born to an unknown Duke and his wife, Margaret Blackwell, born 1769, daughter of Samuel Blackwell and Margaret Dozier. Blackwell family researchers have attributed this Blackwell family to Virginia origins, but available evidence indicates that they were from South Carolina, near HadrellÕs Point in Christ Church parish (see Blackwell Family, below).
Burtonhead Boutwell's 1761 estate inventory identifies
Benjamin Duke as one of his sons-in-law, married to an unnamed daughter. This
unnamed daughter was probably Mary Duke, and they were probably the parents of
William Duke who was baptized 27 Sep 1745 in Prince Frederick Parish (see
above). This Benjamin Duke would have been born no later than about 1720,
unless he was much younger than his wife, which is unlikely. Therefore he is
not the son of Thomas Goodman Duke, who was definitely younger.
Mary(?) Boutwell Duke, wife of this Benjamin Duke, had a
sister, Elizabeth, who married Thomas Blackwell. This Thomas Blackwell was old
enough to be appointed guardian of a child in 1749. Therefore this Thomas
Blackwell was old enough to be the father of Samuel Blackwell, b. 1736, who
married Elizabeth Dozier and became father of Margaret Blackwell Duke of
Williamsburg County. This provides a clear line to explain 1) the earlier
presence of a Blackwell in the same family group in South Carolina, and 2) Samuel
Blackwell and Elizabeth Dozier naming a son Boutwell Blackwell, apparently for
SamuelÕs mother Elizabeth Boutwell Blackwell. Neither circumstance is explained
by the idea that these Blackwells were from VA and appeared in South Carolina
only in the generation of Samuel Blackwell and Elizabeth Dozier.
It stretches coincidence too far to suppose that it is an
accident that Margaret Blackwell Duke, whose great aunt married Benjamin Duke,
happened to marry an unrelated Duke. So, it can be argued that Benjamin Duke,
b. ca. 1710, married 1) Mary (?) Boutwell and 2) Mary's niece Margaret
Blackwell. With his second wife Benjamin Duke produced son Thomas Duke of
Williamsburg County, SC.
Where did this Benjamin come from? He could have emigrated
directly from England, he could be connected to Thomas Goodman Duke and William
Duke, or he could have come from Virginia. These possibilities aren't all
mutually exclusive. It has been found that descendants of this family fit
within Group 4 of the Duke yDNA Surname Study, establishing kinship with the
Virginia family of Capt. Henry Duke. There is plenty of room on the Virginia
Duke family tree where Benjamin could fit in. The most likely slot is as a son
of Thomas Duke (son of Col. Henry Duke of the Royal Council of VA) and his wife
Elizabeth Marston. Thomas and Elizabeth Duke's daughter Mary married John
Crawford and moved to the Cheraws in SC at about the same time that Benjamin
Duke moved to the Black River, and daughter Sarah married John Lide and moved
to the same area to produce the well-known Lide family. And then, Benjamin and
wife Margaret Blackwell named their son Thomas -- for his father in Virginia?
Additional yDNA testing is being done to explore whether
this reconstruction holds up when more yDNA data are available.
The early family history of Thomas Duke descendants can be summarized as follows:
Margaret Blackwell (1769-1799) was married first to Benjamin (?) Duke, then to Samuel Adair, and finally to John McClary. The Blackwells are shown on the 1825 Mills Atlas in Darlington County on Jeffries Creek adjacent the Williamsburg County border. Thomas, the son of the unknown Duke and Margaret Blackwell, was born 10 Nov 1786.
He married first Mary Hamilton McClary, born 26 July 1784, died 28 Mar 1840. Their children were David McClary Duke, b. ca. 1819, d. Mar 1873, and Sarah Thermutis Duke, born 1822, died 26 Nov 1866. Thomas Duke married second Susan Thorp, born about 1824, died 1849. They had sons Thomas Flavier Duke and Benjamin F. Duke. Their daughters were Orrianna B. Duke, born 1842, married Samuel Blackwell McClary; Rosina Duke, born 1843; Susanna L. Duke, born 1847, married Henry McLaulin Burrows, born 1854; and Josena Mildra Duke, born 1849. Thomas Duke died 30 Nov 1855 and was buried in the McClary cemetery near Kingstree.
On 8 May 1855 Thomas [Flavier?] and Elizabeth W. Duke sold to James M. Bell and John O. Hagan 100 acres, bounded on the north by the Black River, on the east by land formerly belonging to James Godwyn and all other sides by Samuel Fluitt. Edward J. Poston and Thomas B. Fleming witnessed the document.[10]
This will by John McClary includes many of the Williamsburg Duke family, along with members of the Singleton family:
Series Number: S108093
Reel: 0028
Frame: 00243
item: 00
Date: 1833/05/13
Description: MCCLARY, JOHN OF WILLIAMSBURG DISTRICT, WILL
TYPESCRIPT (MSS WILL: ESTATE RECORD BOOK B, PAGE 59; ESTATE PACKET: APT. 22,
PKG. 4) (6 FRAMES).
Names Indexed: MCCLARY, JOHN//MCCLARY, MARY
RAFIELD/MCCLARY, JAMES H./MCCLARY, JOHN CLAVIN/MCCLARY, ALEXANDER/MCCLARY,
DAVID NEWTON/MCCLARY, GEORGE F./MCCLARY, JOHN J./PLOWDEN, EDWARD/WITHERSPOON,
DAVID/KNOX, ARCHIBALD/SINGLETON, THOMAS D./RICHBURG, WILLIAM/DUKE, MARY
H./DUKE, DAVID MCCLARY/DUKE, SARAH THEMUTIS/DUKE, MARY ELINOR/DUKE, THOMAS/MONTGOMERY,
WILLIAM/PLOWDEN/SCOTT, JOHN/TISDEL, JAMES/////MCLCARY, SAMUEL
BLACKWOOD/MCCLARY, MARGARET H./MCCLARY, JOHN MILTON/MCCLARY, HANNAH R./MCCLARY,
SARAH BLACKWOOD/FLEMING, G. H./TISDEL/MCCLARY, DAVID SIDNEY/MCCLARY, D.
R./STRONG/ANNA (SLAVE)/AXLE (SLAVE)/MCCLARY, MARY R./MCCLARY, JAMES M./MCCLARY,
JOHN C./MCCLARY, D. M./SINGLETON, THOMAS D./MCCLARY, DAVID R./SHAW, HENRY
D./TISDALE, JOHN I./TISDALE, SAMUEL/TISDALE, WILLIAM/
Locations: WILLIAMSBURG DISTRICT//BLACK RIVER/BOGGY
SWAMP/KINGSTREE/CEDAR SWAMP ROAD/POTATO FERRY ROAD/
Type: WILL (TYPESCRIPT)//
Boggy Swamp flows into the Black River immediately below
Kingstree. Cedar Swamp is to the east. Potato Ferry is at the Georgetown County
line on the Pee Dee. Margaret Blackwell Duke McClary is buried in the McClary
cemetery in Boggy Swamp.
This is the earliest reference to a George Dukes on the north side of the Santee River:
Series Number: S213190
Volume: 0026
Page: 00105
Item: 02
Date: 1790/02/11
Description: MATHEWS, WILLIAM, PLAT FOR 152 ACRES ON BOGGY
GULLY, GEORGETOWN DISTRICT, SURVEYED BY JOHN BURGESS.
Names Indexed: MATHEWS, WILLIAM/BURGESS, JOHN/DUKES,
GEORGE/TAYLOR, RUFFIN/
Locations: GEORGETOWN DISTRICT/CLAPP SWAMP/BOGGY SWAMP
Type: PLAT/
Clapp Swamp is near the boundary of Williamsburg and
Clarendon counties, a tributary that enters the Black River on the northeast
side at the modern settlement of Mouson, very close to Kingstree. Boggy Swamp
is to the south of Kingstree, and is also associated with the McClary family.
Ownership of land in 1790 suggests that this George DukesÕ
latest reasonable birth date is in the 1760Õs. An earlier date is also
possible. This could be George Alexander Dukes of Orangeburg, but there is no
evidence supporting that identification. It is more likely that he is a son of
Benjamin Duke and a brother of William Duke, discussed above.
It has been said that the Samuel Blackwell/Elizabeth Dozier
family was from Virginia, but another source says that they moved to Craven
County from HaddrellÕs Point, now called Mt. Pleasant, in Christ Church Parish,
South Carolina.[11] Documents
also point toward earlier residence on the east branch of the Cooper River. The
children of Samuel Blackwell b. 1736 and Elizabeth Dozier have been identified
as:
á
Thomas, b. 1765 Georgetown, d. 4 Feb 1800 Black River
SC, children Elizabeth, Hannah and Thomas
á
Michael b. 10 Sep 1767 Georgetown; m. 1) on 9 Feb 1792
Elizabeth Dunnam b. 22 May 1774; children Sarah Lydia b. 1797 and Michael
Joseph born 30 Aug 1800 Winyaw Bay, Georgetown, SC; m. 2) second Mary
Cunningham, children Samuel Boyd . 1802 Williamsburg, James Cunningham b. 1805
Williamsburg, Edmund Botsford b. 1812. M. 3) Elizabeth Durham
á
Boutwell b. 1769 SC
á
Margaret b. 1769 Prince Frederick Parish, Williamsburg,
SC, m. ? Duke, etc.
á
Rachel b. 1770 in Georgetown, m. James Lane
á
Josiah b. 1772
á
Samuel b. 21 Aug 1774 in Georgetown, d. 4 Feb 1823
Jeffrys Creek Plantation, Darlington, SC; m. 1) ca. 1797, ? Commander; children
Elizabeth and Mary Jane, m. 2) Mary Ann Hamlin b. 1786 Prince Frederick Parish,
Georgetown, children Isabell, Joanna, Isabella Ann, Samuel, Martha, and John
Hamlin.
á
Hannah b. 1776 d. 1826
The names Michael and Boutwell in this list argue against
the commonly asserted Virginia origin for this Blackwell family. A Thomas
Blackwell married a daughter of Burtonhead Boutwell, as shown in BoutwellÕs
1769 will.[12] Thomas
might have been a grandson of Michael Blackwell of St. Thomas and St. Denis
Parish, SC., and father of Samuel Blackwell who married Elizabeth Dozier.
Michael Blackwell was resident in St. Thomas and St. Denis
Parish in the 1720Õs, where he was identified as a blacksmith. Michael
Blackwell owned land on the east branch of the Cooper River bounding on George
June and Peter Dutartre (Dutarque) and slaves purchased from Peter Poitevin (of
the same family as the wife of John Snow, whose will was witnessed by Thomas
Goodman Duke). He purchased land previously owned by Andrew Dupuy from John and
Susanah Lapiere, and sold the land to Peter Johnson in 1723.[13]
The 1731 will of Peter Johnson of Craven County, planter,
identified Thomas Blackwell as his grandson, under 21 years.[14]
He also identified wife Mahittabell, sons Peter, Joseph and James. Also daughter
Mahittabell, wife of Samuel Claig; Mary, wife of Thomas Jenkins; Lydia.
Grandson Thomas Blackwell, under
21 years and unmarried. Granddau: Honoure Blackwell, under 21 years and
unmarried. Executors sons Peter,
Joseph and James. Witnesses Meredith Hughes, Gerard Bromley, Joseph Hale. D. 10
Jun 1731 Probated 21 Oct 1731.
Peter Johnson was earlier from St. Thomas and St. Denis
Parish. In 1730 Peter Johnson sold 100 acres of land on the SE side of the E
branch of the Cooper River, bounding SW on LynchÕs Creek, SE on Nicholas
Bochet, NE on Johnson Lynch, and NW on Nicholas Bochet, to Nicholas Bochet.
Johnson traced the property as having been purchased on 17 Jan 1711/12 by
Andrew Dupuy, who on 8 Nov 1716 sold to Rev. John Lapiere, who sold on 28 Nov 1717
to Michael Blackwell, who sold on 15 Jun 1723 to Peter Johnson, Jr. [15]
In 1730/31 Johnson sold land on the east Cooper, near the Poitevins, to
Nicholas Bochet and in 1732 he acquired a 750-acre grant in Craven County.[16]
In 1730/31 Michael Blackwell purchased 100 acres of land on the Cooper River
and three slaves from Peter Johnston.[17]
(Rachel Boutwell married first a Watts, and then Lewis Bochet -- see above.)
The data suggest that Michael Blackwell was the father of ?
Blackwell b. ca. 1705-10, and that ? Blackwell married Peter Johnson's
daughter, producing (at least) two sons and one daughter. Thomas Blackwell,
grandson of Peter Johnson, could have been b. ca. 1730 to ? Blackwell and ?
Johnson. Thomas subsequently married Elizabeth Boutwell ca. 1752. Samuel
Blackwell who married Elizabeth Dozier was b. 1735/36 -- after Johnson's will,
accounting for his absence there. Boutwell Blackwell, son of Samuel and
Elizabeth, would have been named for SamuelÕs mother, Elizabeth Boutwell
Blackwell. The order of Samuel Blackwell and Elizabeth Dozier's sons is said to
have been first Thomas Blackwell b. 1765, then Michael Blackwell b. 1767, and
then Boutwell Blackwell b. 1769.
The 1749 guardianship of Thomas Blackwell (who at this time
would be Thomas Blackwell resident in Craven County) for Samuel Clagg fits this
scenario.
Series Number: S213003
Volume: 002H
Page: 00031
Item:01
Date: 1749/07/03
Description: GLEN, JAMES, GOVERNOR OF SOUTH CAROLINA, TO
THOMAS BLACKWELL, PLANTER, APPOINTMENT AS GUARDIAN OF SAMUEL CLAGG, INFANT
CHILD OF THE LATE SAMUEL CLAGG. (1 PAGE)
Names Indexed:
GLEN, JAMES//BLACKWELL, THOMAS/CLAGG, SAMUEL/
Locations: /
Type: APPOINTMENT/
Topics: ORPHANS, CARE OF/COMMISSIONS AND APPOINTMENTS/
The orphan child Samuel Clagg was a son of Samuel Clagg and
Mahittabell Johnson, daughter of Peter and Mahittabell Johnson. In 1769 a
Blackwell owned land adjacent Walkers (one of Burtonhead Boutwell's daughters
married a Walker) and a Samuel Clegg on the Black River (Plats. Series Number
S213184. Vol. 0011. Page 00102. Date 1769/11/10. South Carolina Department of
Archives and History.). This 1769 landowner Samuel Clegg was presumably the
minor son Samuel Clegg who was raised by Thomas Blackwell II and his wife.
This Thomas Blackwell is linked to the Sts. T & D family
by his guardianship of Samuel Clagg, documented as a descendant of Peter
Johnson and the Blackwells of Saints Thomas and Denis. The names of Samuel and
Elizabeth's oldest son Thomas and next oldest son Michael are additional
evidence consistent with descent from the Michael Blackwell line.
The Commander family was found in St. Thomas & St. Denis Parish: Samuel (1705/6), John (1708), Hannah (1709/10) and Joseph (1712) were born to Samuel and Elizabeth Commander there.[18] It is said that the Commanders came from the Albermarle Sound area when Samuel and Joseph Matthew Commander managed to get some of their inheritance from John HarveyÕs estate there. In St. Thomas and St. Denis Samuel Commander owned land on Cooks Creek, on the east branch of the Cooper River, by about 1710/11.[19] A Thomas Commander married Sarah Griffen there on 1 April 1713.[20]
The history of some of the Commander land in St. Thomas and St. Denis was traced in a 1736 land sale by Samuel Commander, Jr. and other heirs of Samuel Commander, Sr., to Josiah Smith, tracing the property to a 1711 grant to Samuel Commander, Sr., of 270 acres on the south side of SimonsÕ Creek, bounding E on Robert Swetman, S on Richard Beresford, W on Samuel Commander, and on the same date granted 500 acres in the same section bounding N on SimonsÕ Creek, E on Samuel Commander, S and W on Richard Beresford.[21]
In 1737 Samuel Commander, Jr., was in Craven County on the Black River, on land granted 6 Aug 1735.[22] There, Margaret BlackwellÕs brother Samuel married a Miss Commander.
The will of Samuel Commander Sr. was dated 17 Sep 1733:[23]
Samuel Commander, Sr., Prince GeorgeÕs Parish, Craven County, planter. Wife: Elizabeth, residency on my plantation during her widowhood, then said plantation to son Joseph. Sns: Samuel, John; Joseph, said plantation, lot and house in Georgetown. Daughters Hannah Screven and Elizabeth Boutwell; Abigail, Dorothy, Frances, Rachel, latter 4 under age and unmarried. Exors: wife; Elisha Screven; sons Samuel and John. Wit: Joseph Roper, Thomas Petts, William Gardner, his mark. D: 197 Sept 1733. P: 29 Jan 1735. R: 15 Mar. 1735/6. P. 298 [Will book 1732-1737]
A 1736 grant for 600 acres on the Black River identifies
Burtenhead Boutwell as a son-in-law of Samuel Commander [Sr.].[24]
Thus Elizabeth Commander, a daughter of Samuel Commander, Sr., was married to
Burtonhead Boutwell.
This document is copyright © 2008 by Lynn Teague. All rights reserved. The copyright must appear on all copies.
[1]
1916. The Register Book for the Parish Prince Frederick Winyaw. Baltimore: The National Society of the Colonial
Dames of America. Page 21.
South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine Vol. IX:21,23; Vol. XI:124,127; Vol. XXXI:92.
[2] Colonial Plats. S213184 Vol. 11, p. 192. 1766/08/20. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.
[3] Colonial Grants. S213019. Vol. 21, p. 88. 1/4/1771. South Carolina Department of History and Archives.
[4] Colonial Plats, S213184 Vol. 14, p. 481. 1/4/1771. South Carolina Department of History and Archives.
[5] Colonial Plats. S213184 Vol. 16., Page 00103. 6/6/1771. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.
[6] 1916. The Register Book for the Parish Prince Frederick Winyaw. Baltimore: The National Society of the Colonial Dames of America. Page 221.
[7] Boddie, William Willis. 1923. History of Williamsburg: something about the people of Williamsburg County, South Carolina, from the first settlement by Europeans about 1705 until 1923. Columbia: The State Company. P. 57.
[8] Boddie, William Willis. 1980. History of Williamsburg County. Spartanburg: The Reprint Company.
[9] Warren, Mary B., ed. 1977. South Carolina Jury Lists, 1718-1783. Danielsville GA: Heritage Papers
[10] Williamsburg County Deed Bk. F, page 618.
[11] Gregg, Right Rev. Alexander. 1925. History of the Old Cheraws. Columbia: The State Company. Page 602.
[12] South Carolina Inventories. Vol. Y. Pp. 139-145. October 1769, Roll #ST497. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.
[13] Langley, Clara A. South Carolina Deed Abstracts 1719-1772. Vol. I. Easley: Southern Historical Press. P. 147, 151.
[14] Moore, Caroline T. and Agatha A. Simmons. Comp. and ed. 1960. Abstracts of the Wills of South Carolina 1670-1740. Vol. I. Columbia: R. L. Bryan Company. P.167.
[15] Langley, Clara A. South Carolina Deed Abstracts 1719-1772. Vol. I. Easley: Southern Historical Press. P. 147, 150-151.
[16] Lease and Release. Series No. S372001. Vol. 00I0. Page 302. Date 1730-31. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.
Plats. Series No. S213184. Vol. 0001. Page 00224. Item 01. Date 1732/04/01. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.
[17] Enfeoffment. Series Number S372001. Volume 0010. Page 00206. Item 00. Date 1730/31. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.
[18] Clute Robert F. 1884. The Annals and Parish Register of St. Thomas and St. Denis Parish. in South Carolina, from 1680 to 1884. Charleston: Parish of St. Thomas and St. Denis. Page 53.
[20] Clute Robert F. 1884. The Annals and Parish Register of St. Thomas and St. Denis Parish. in South Carolina, from 1680 to 1884. Charleston: Parish of St. Thomas and St. Denis. Page 29.
[21] Langley, Clara A. South Carolina Deed Abstracts 1719-1772. Vol. I. Easley: Southern Historical Press. P. 258.
[22] Langley, Clara A. South Carolina Deed Abstracts 1719-1772. Vol. I. Easley: Southern Historical Press. P. 289.
[23] Moore, Caroline T. and Agatha A. Simmons. Comp. and ed. 1960. Abstracts of the Wills of South Carolina 1670-1740. Vol. I. Columbia: R. L. Bryan Company. P.216.
[24] Grants. Series Number S213019. Volume 0043. Page 00118. Item 01. Date 1736/11/01. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.