NFP--Myths and Reality
Myth #1: NFP is just another name for
Rhythm.
REALITY: Natural Family Planning
(NFP) is an umbrella term for modern, healthy, scientifically accurate,
and reliable methods of family planning which have been in use for only some
25 years. It differs from "Rhythm" (or the Calendar
Method). Rhythm tried to estimate the time of ovulation by calculating
previous menstrual cycles. Although this approach had sound scientific
underpinnings, in practice it often proved inaccurate because of the unique
nature of each woman's menstrual cycle. NFP, by contrast, has been proven
scientifically sound in both theory and practice.
NFP is based on scientific research about women's cycles of
fertility. Since the 19th century, doctors have known about the changes in
cervical mucus and its relation to fertility. In the 1920s, temperature rules
were developed. However, it wasn't until the 1950s that an educational process
was developed to teach the observation and interpretation of these fertility
signs.
The NFP methods are: the Basal Body Temperature (BBT)
method, which monitors changes in a woman's temperature when she wakes up each
morning; the Ovulation Method (OM), which monitors changes in a woman's
cervical mucus; and the Sympto-Thermal Method (STM), which combines
observations of temperature and cervical mucus with other indicators such as
changes in the cervix and secondary fertility signs.
Myth #2: NFP can only be used by women
with regular cycles.
REALITY: The natural methods do not
depend on having regular menstrual cycles; they treat each woman and each
cycle as unique. NFP works with menstrual cycles of any length and
any degree of irregularity. It can be used during breastfeeding, just before
menopause, and in other special circumstances. NFP allows a woman to
understand the physical signals her body gives her to tell her when she is
most likely to become pregnant. Once she understands this information, she and
her spouse can use it according to their family planning intentions.
The natural methods can be used throughout a woman's
reproductive life. These methods are progressive. That is, they monitor the
current, day-to-day signs of the woman's cycle. Instruction in NFP provides
couples with information about their bodies that is specific and observable.
When special circumstances do occur, a woman can contact an
NFP instructor for additional guidance in interpreting her signs of fertility.
Myth #3: NFP is too complicated to be
useful for most people.
REALITY: Anyone who is taught by a
certified teacher and motivated to use NFP can do so. The methods
are so simple that they have been successfully adapted to suit the needs of
cultures all around the world. According to Kambic and Gray (Human
Reproduction, 1988), NFP use world wide ranges from 1-35% in developing
countries. These authors state that "NFP has a role as an important
method of family planning in many countries, irrespective of religion,
socio-economic development, and overall level of contraceptive use" (p.
693).
Myth #4: NFP is not a reliable method
of family planning.
REALITY: When couples understand the
methods and are motivated to follow them, NFP is up to 99% successful in
spacing or limiting births.
The effectiveness of NFP depends upon spouses' following the
rules of the method according to their family planning intention (i.e.,
achieving or limiting pregnancy). Those who are strongly motivated to avoid
pregnancy and follow the method-defined rules are very effective in meeting
their goal.
Effectiveness of Natural Family Planning in Avoiding
Pregnancy
(Number of pregnancies among 100 couples in one year.)
Couples who carefully follow all the rules for avoiding
pregnancy all the time -- 1-3
Couples who do not follow all the rules for avoiding pregnancy
all the time -- 2-15
Myth #5: Couples who use NFP have less
sex
than the average American.
REALITY: Most people most of the time
are not engaged in sexual activity (see table). If couples who
practice NFP were to engage in intercourse on all the days when abstinence is
not required for spacing births, they would be doing so at a rate almost twice
the national average!
Average monthly coital frequency among both married and
unmarried couples in the United States:
|
Age:
18-24
25-34
35-44
44-55
55-67
|
|
Average frequency:
8
9
8
7
5
|
If wishing to avoid pregnancy, a couple practicing NFP is
usually advised to abstain from intercourse and genital contact during the
wife's fertile time. NFP couples can make love no less frequently in each
cycle than other couples.
Myth #6: NFP does not allow for sexual
"spontaneity."
REALITY: This depends upon what one
means by "spontaneity."
If by sexual spontaneity one means loving gestures, caresses,
kisses, loving words, etc., then NFP does not hinder spontaneity. In fact NFP
encourages couples to explore ways to express their love to one another
because sexual intercourse is not always available. And the spontaneity with
which a couple unites in lovemaking each cycle is something NFP couples find
to be very special.
If by "spontaneity" one means only being able to
engage in sexual intercourse whenever the desire arises, then NFP does not
measure up. But then, respect for your spouse--whose desires may not always be
exactly the same as yours at any moment--is also in tension with that kind of
"spontaneity."
Any limitation on "spontaneity" in NFP should be
judged in light of the freedom couples gain by not using chemical or barrier
methods of contraception. Remember, chemical contraceptives carry heavy
baggage in terms of contraindications and side effects.
Myth #7: There is no difference between
NFP and artificial methods of contraception.
REALITY: NFP methods are different
from and better than artificial contraception because they
-
Cooperate with, rather than suppress, a couple's fertility
-
Can be used both to achieve and avoid pregnancy
-
Call for shared responsibility and cooperation by husband
and wife
-
Require spousal communication
-
Foster respect for and acceptance of the total person
-
Have no harmful side effects
-
Are virtually cost free
NFP is unique because it enables its users to work with the
body rather than against it. Fertility is viewed as a reality to live, not a
problem to be solved.
Myth #8: The Catholic Church wants
people to have as many babies as possible.
REALITY: In fact the Church
encourages people to be "responsible" stewards over their fertility.
In this view of "responsible parenthood" married couples carefully
weigh their responsibilities to God, each other, the children they already
have, and the world in which they live when making decisions about the number
and spacing of children.
Responsible parenthood is lived out within the structures
which God has established in human nature. The nature of sexual intercourse,
which is both life-giving (pro-creative) and love-giving (unitive), reflects a
Divine plan. That is why the Church teaches that couples must not actively
intervene to separate their fertility from their bodily union. To do so is to
show disrespect for an important gift of the Creator.
Myth #9: Sex is a private decision
between two people.
REALITY: Sexual intercourse is not
only eminently personal, between a man and a woman, but also has a public and
even universal dimension. Human reproduction orients sexual
activity to the future of the world. The public consequences of sexual
intercourse are illustrated by the miracle of birth, and also through the
public devastation wrought by sexually transmitted diseases.
Remember, sexual intercourse radically unites a man and a
woman and is the only human act which can worthily bring another person
into the world!
Myth #10: The Church does not want
couples to have sex for pleasure's sake.
REALITY: The Church wants married
couples to have the best sex possible!
Remember, there is a difference between simply "having
sex," which includes actions directed towards the self, and "making
love," which requires the giving of self to the other. Only in a
lifelong, committed, loving relationship, centered in Christ, can couples hope
to fully experience the sacrament of life and love, i.e., marriage.
Current studies confirm what the Church has always taught:
married sex is more fulfilling and enjoyable than uncommitted sex. People who
"use" sex only for their own pleasure end up using other people--and
they lose the real joy of sexuality. Unconditional love is what marriage is
all about. That love is a real source of joy in the lives of married couples!
__________________________
Diocesan Development Program for NFP
United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
3211 4th Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20017-1194 (202) 541-3070
